Diabetes affects more than blood sugar. It impacts nerves, circulation, and healing. The feet are often the first place where these issues show up, advises Gelbmann Podiatry. Poor circulation means cuts take longer to heal. Nerve damage makes it hard to feel pain or injuries. Together, these risks make feet especially vulnerable.
The numbers are serious. According to the CDC, about 50% of people with diabetes develop nerve damage, often starting in the feet. Foot ulcers affect 15% of patients at some point. These ulcers can lead to infection and, in severe cases, amputation.
This is where podiatry steps in. Foot specialists are trained to spot small problems before they turn into big ones.
Nerve damage from diabetes, also called neuropathy, reduces sensation. A person may step on a sharp object and not feel it. Shoes that fit poorly might rub the skin raw without causing pain signals.
One patient described it this way: “I didn’t notice the blister on my toe until I smelled an infection. By then it was already serious.” This is common in neuropathy cases.
Podiatrists test sensation with tools like tuning forks or monofilaments. These simple exams reveal whether nerves are still responding. Early detection helps patients adjust their routines—checking feet daily, avoiding barefoot walking, and wearing protective shoes.
Diabetes narrows blood vessels. Less blood reaches the feet. Without oxygen-rich blood, small cuts heal slowly. Even a tiny scratch can become a chronic wound.
Podiatrists look for weak pulses in the feet. They also watch for changes in skin color or temperature. These are early signs of circulation trouble. Treatment may involve recommending compression socks, referring patients to vascular specialists, or suggesting lifestyle changes like exercise and quitting smoking.
Ulcers often begin with friction or pressure. Combine poor sensation with weak circulation, and the result is a sore that won’t heal.
A man once told his podiatrist, “I thought I just had a shoe rubbing me the wrong way. A month later, I had an open sore that kept spreading.” This type of story happens far too often.
Podiatrists also clean and dress ulcers, recommend offloading devices like special boots, and monitor healing closely.
When ulcers don’t heal, infection sets in, says Gelbmann Podiatry. Bacteria spread quickly in tissue with poor circulation. In severe cases, the infection reaches bone. This is when amputations become necessary.
The American Diabetes Association reports that about 85% of amputations in people with diabetes start with a foot ulcer. That’s why early podiatry care is critical.
By treating ulcers early and managing infections, podiatrists prevent many amputations. They also educate patients on when to seek emergency help.
People with diabetes should see a podiatrist at least once a year. Those with nerve damage or circulation issues need visits more often.
At these appointments, podiatrists trim nails, remove calluses, check skin integrity, and look for pressure points. Something as small as a thickened toenail can cause a wound if not managed properly.
Podiatrists teach patients how to care for their feet at home. This includes choosing the right socks, inspecting shoes before wearing them, and keeping feet dry to prevent fungus.
One podiatry clinic, Gelbmann Podiatry, often reminds patients that prevention is the cheapest form of treatment. A $50 pair of supportive shoes can save thousands in hospital bills later.
Use a mirror to check soles and between toes. Look for cuts, redness, or swelling.
Buy shoes with wide toe boxes and cushioned soles. Avoid high heels, flip-flops, or tight styles.
Wash feet daily with warm water and mild soap. Dry carefully, especially between toes. Apply lotion to keep skin from cracking, but not between toes.
Cut nails straight across to avoid ingrown toenails. If nails are thick or hard to cut, see a podiatrist.
Regular walking or low-impact exercise improves circulation. Just make sure shoes fit properly before starting.
Podiatrists also use modern tools to manage complications. Pressure-mapping devices show where the foot bears the most weight. This helps design custom orthotics. Imaging scans check for bone infections. Even simple apps can remind patients to inspect their feet daily.
These tools give podiatrists more ways to prevent serious problems before they begin.
Diabetes is a lifelong condition, but its complications don’t have to take over. The feet are often the first place to show warning signs. That’s why podiatry plays such an important role.
Regular checkups, early detection, and smart prevention make all the difference. Healthy feet mean more freedom, fewer hospital visits, and a better quality of life.
Managing diabetes is not just about blood sugar. It’s about protecting the foundation you walk on every day.
